Peripheral nerve injury is the most common nerve trauma, the consequences of which significantly burden Health Care Systems in civilian and military populations. Peripheral nerve injuries that occur clinically as either complete transections or ablations of a segment of a major nerve often exhibit very poor, if any, behavioral recovery with contemporary clinical practice. After these nerve injuries, motor and sensory function distal to the injury is completely lost due to interrupted axonal continuity, and the distal portions of axons always and irreversibly undergo degeneration. Protracted functional recovery can occur slowly through regenerating axon outgrowths from surviving proximal axons that often very inaccurately (non-specifically) reinnervate target tissues that may atrophy before reinnervation occurs.
In collaboration with colleagues at the University of Texas at Austin, we have worked on a novel repair strategy that produces dramatically better outcomes than what is achieved with standard clinical practice. This axonal repair technique consists of a series of pharmaceutical agents including the membrane fusogen polyethylene glycol (PEG), in conjunction with microsuturing of the proximal and distal nerve segments. Importantly, this repair technique dramatically improves the rate and extent of behavioral recovery and prevents much axonal degeneration and muscle atrophy; PEG-fusion rapidly re-establishes and maintains continuity for many axons, and distal target NMJs remain functionally innervated.
